Re: [wanabidii] NECTA INAHUSIKA KWA MATOKEO HAYA!!!

Mgaywa,
Huwezi kufananisha wanafunzi wa miaka ya 90 na hawa wa sasa hivi kwa sababu nyingi tu: Kwanza, miaka hiyo hakukuwa na shule za kata na hakukuwa na wanafunzi wanaojiunga sekondari wakiwa hawajui kusoma wala kuandika. Pili, mazingira ya shule za wakati huo ni toafauti kabisa na mazingira ya wakati huu. Ndio maana matokeo yalichakachuliwa na serikali ili yaendane na mazingira ya sasa ya shule pamoja na 'juhudi za wanafunzi'. Juhudi za wanafunzi wa sasa huwezi kuzifananisha na juhudi za wanafunzi wa kale. Tatu, wanafunzi wa zamani walianza kidato cha kwanza wakiwa na umri mkubwa na wakiwa wanajitambua, tofauti na hawa wa sasa ambao akili zao zinakuwa zingali changa, hivyo kushindwa kuchanganua mambo kirahisi. Nne, miaka ya 90 hakukuwa na simu za mikononi, facebook, BBM, twitter , nk. Kwa hiyo, tunapoongelea usomi wa sasa hatuwezi kamwe kuufananisha na ule wa miaka ya nyuma.

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From: Mgaywa GMD Magafu <gmdmagafu@gmail.com>
To: wanabidii@googlegroups.com
Sent: Friday, June 21, 2013 9:09 PM
Subject: Re: [wanabidii] NECTA INAHUSIKA KWA MATOKEO HAYA!!!

Kwa mifano uliyotoa, mbona sikuona tofauti ma mtihani niliofanya 1990?

2013/6/21 Gikaro Ryoba <gikaroryoba@yahoo.com>

Wandugu, baada ya kivumbi cha Arusha kutulia, ngoja sasa turejee kwenye mambo ya msingi huku tukisubiri tukio jingine litokee, maana hii nchi kwa matukio haina mfano!

Ni sababu hiyo hiyo ya matukio yasiyoisha iliyotupelekea kusahau kwa haraka matokeo mabaya kabisa ya kidato cha nne, 2012, matokeo ambayo hayajawahi kutokea tangu nchi hii ipate uhuru kutoka kwa wakoloni wa kiingereza mnamo 1961.

 

Pamoja na sababu nyingi zilizochangia kushuka kwa ufaulu, baraza la mitihani (NECTA) hawawezi kukwepa lawama, hata kama tayari wameishatetewa na watu mbali mbali. Ninasema hili nikiwa na ushahidi ili na mimi nisije nikashurutishwe na Bw Jagonja kuwapelekea polisi ushahidi wangu.

 

Nimepitia mitihani yote ya kidato cha nne, 2012 nikailinganisha na mitihani iliyotangulia nikagundua kwamba mitihani ya mwaka 2012 ilitungwa kwa mfumo tofauti na mitihani iliyotangulia. Mitihani hii ya mwaka 2012 imetungwa kwa mfumo wa kujieleza zaidi. Maswali karibu yote (hata yale yasiyokuwa ya essay) yanamtaka mwanafunzi kueleza kwa marefu majibu yake. Nyingi ya keywords zilizotumika kuuliza maswali ni kama vile: explain, describe, give a detailed account of, comment on, write an essay on, elaborate, substantiate, evaluate, etc. Keywords za aina hii zinapotumika kuuliza maswali maana yake ni kwamba mtahiniwa anatakiwa kueleza swali lake kwa urefu na kwa upana kweli kweli.

 

Katika mitihani ya mwaka 2012, kulikuwa na maswali machache sana yanayowataka wanafunzi kuorodhesha (list), kutaja (mention), kueleza kwa ufupi (outline), kufupisha (summarize), kupambanua kwa ufupi (define) na maswali mengine kama hayo. Maswali karibu yote yalikuwa ni ya kujieleza kwa urefu na kwa ufasaha. NECTA walifanya hivi kwa maskusudi huku wakijua kwamba uwezo wa wanafunzi wetu wa shule za sekondari ni mdogo sana. Sasa hii maana yake ni nini kama sio kulenga kuwafelisha watoto kwa makusudi?

 

Sina shaka mtakuwa mnafahamu kwamba wanafunzi wengi wa shule za kata wanaingia sekondari wakiwa hawajui kusoma, kuandika na kuhesabu! Kama hali ndiyo hiyo basi, inawezekanaje NECTA iwatungie wanafunzi hawa mitihani ya kujieleza kwa lugha ya kimombo wakati hata Kiswahili chenyewe hawajui kukisoma wala kukiandika? Je, walitegemea wanafunzi wafeli halafu ndipo wanasiasa waingilie kati kuchakachua matokeo?

 

Ndiyo maana watu wenye busara wakashauri kwamba ingekuwa bora mitihani ikarudiwa kuliko kuchakachua matokeo peke yake. Wanasiasa walitakiwa kuchakachua hadi mfumo na staili iliyotumika kuuliza maswali. Huwezi kuchakachua matokeo tu ukaacha kuchakachua maswali ya mitihani yaliyozaa hayo matokeo. Kama vile wanasiasa walivyojitetea kwamba wanachakachua matokeo ili kwamba "matokeo yalingane na juhudi za kila mwanafunzi", walipaswa warudi nyuma zaidi hadi kwenye mitihani yenyewe.

 

Kana kwamba hilo halitoshi, mitihani yenyewe iliyotungwa haieleweki na wala haikutungwa kwa kutumia lugha nyepesi. Lugha iliyotumika katika mitihani ni ngumu sana. Lengo la maswali ya mitihani sio kumkomoa mwanafunzi bali ni kumpima uelewa wake katika mambo aliyojifunza kwa miaka minne. Mitihani haipawsi  kupima uwezo wa mwanafunzi kuelewa maswali bali ni kumpima uwezo na kiwango chake cha uelewa wa maarifa aliyojifunza. Ndio maana lugha ya mtihani inatakiwa iwe rahisi na irahisishwe kadri itakavyowezekana ili mtahiniwa aweze kuelewa maswali barabara na kuyajibu kwa ufasaha. Kwa bahati mbaya, watunzi wengi wa mitihani wana tabia ya kutunga maswali ya kimitego, kwa kutumia lugha ngumu na tata ili kuwafanya wanafunzi washindwe kuelewa maswali, hivyo washindwe kuyajibu. Hili ni jambo la kusikitisha sana!

 

Tukiacha suala la utunzi mbaya wa mitihani, NECTA pia inahusika katika kusababisha ulipuaji kwenye usahihishaji wa mitihani. Baraza la Mitihani hukusanya mamilioni ya shilingi kutoka kwa watahiniwa kwa ajili ya shughuli nzima zinazohusu utungaji, usambazaji, usahihishaji, uchakataji, na uandaaji wa madaraja ya watahiniwa.

 

Jambo la ajabu ni kwamba, pamoja na mapesa yote wanayokusanya, waliwapangia waalimu wasahihishe mitihani kwa muda wa majuma mawili huku wakiwalipa Tsh 200 kwa kila karatasi (script?) watakayoisahihisha. Katika miaka iliyotangulia, wasahihishaji walikuwa wakilipwa Tsh 400 kwa kila script na usahihishaji ulikuwa ukifanyika kwa muda wa majuma manne (mwezi 1).

 

Ukitafakari vizuri hapa, utagundua kwamba wasahihishaji walikuwa wanasahihisha kwa haraka na kwa kulipua kwa lengo la kila mmoja kujitahidi kusahihisha scripts nyingi ili apate pesa nyingi! Katika hali ya kawaida, hapa kulikuwa na ulipuaji wa hali ya juu.

 

USHAHIDI:

Nitatoa maswali machache kama ushahidi wa kile ninachokitetea. Yafuatayo ni baadhi ya maswali yaliyoulizwa katika masomo tofauti kwenye mitihani ya kidato cha nne mwaka 2012:

 

ENGLISH LANGUAGE:

Question 8.

The following sentences are jumbled. Rearrange them in a logical sequence to make a meaningful paragaraph by writing the corresponding letters in the answer booklet(s) provided.

 

For example: (i) – H

 

A.    With the aid of television camera, visual images are changed into electrical signals.

B.     A television set receives these signals and one can watch them on the screen.

C.     However, in order to enable the television set to recieve these signals properly an antenna is needed.

D.    These are then combined with radio waves and broadcast in the same way as ordinary sound signals.

E.     Television is the system of transmitting moving pictures by radio or cable.

 

My arguments:

1.      Instruction to candidates on how to answer the question is ambiguous and totally ununderstandable.

2.      The answer is too technical for an ordinary level student to understand what individual sentences mean so as to be able to combine them to make a meaningful paragraph.

 

Combining the two difficulties above, it would be hard for the question to be answered correctly by a good number of students, bearing in mind that most of them are very novice at English language and grammar.

 

BIOLOGY:

Question 5.

Describe the following ecological terms:

 

(a)    (i) Decomposers

(ii) Producers

(iii) Parasites

 

(b)   With example, briefly explain how comparative embryology supports the idea of organic evolution.

 

 

CHEMISTRY:

Question 3

(a)    With the help of chemical equation, what will be observed when ammonia reacts with:

(i)                 Hydrogen chloride

(ii)               Copper (II) oxide

 

(b)   It is not advisable to sleep inside a house which is not well ventilated with a burning wooden charcoal. Give a reason for that and write the chemical equation to represent your answer.

 

 

Question 13

Describe four common stages for the extraction of metals. Does the extraction of gold follow all four stages? Give reasons.

 

 

Maswali ni mengi lakini nimechagua haya machache kama mfano wa kile ninachokisema. Kwa kutumia hayo maswali machache, mtaona jinsi ambavyo Baraza la Mitihani limehusika katika kufeli kwa wanafunzi wa kidato cha nne, 2012 huku likitetewa na baadhi ya wananchi na wanasiasa kwa manufaa wanayoyajua wenyewe. Tafakari, chukua hatua!

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