Re: [wanabidii] Watanzania Mabingwa Wa Kiswahili? - Mwanzo

Bado tu unatapatapa
Bwana soma makala haya hapa halafu uniambie wapi wamesema Kiswahili ni Lugha ya Tanzania au kilianzia Tanzania pekee. Tazama hata Ramani iliyo chapishwa hapa, je ni Tanzania tuu inayoonyeshwa kuwa chimbuko la Kiswahili. Krapf Ludwig alipoandika Kamusi ya kwanza, aliiandikia Rabai- Mombasa akitumia wakenya kama wakalimani, je Rabai ni Tanzania?

Historia ya Kiswahili

Rukia: urambazaji, tafuta

Maeneo penye wasemaji wa Kiswahili

Historia ya Kiswahili imeanza takriban miaka 1000 iliyopita kwenye pwani ya Afrika ya Mashariki.

Neno Swahili ni neno la asili ya Kiarabu Sahil lenye maana ya pwani; sawahil ''as-sawāhilī'' (السواحلي) ni wingi wake kwa kumaanisha yote yanayohusiana na pwani, watu au utamaduni wa eneo la pwani.

Yaliyomo 1 Mwanzo katika miji ya pwani 2 Lugha ya biashara 3 Kiswahili wakati wa ukoloni 4 Kiswahili leo

Mwanzo katika miji ya pwani

Kiswahili kilianza kama lugha ya miji na mabandari ya biashara ya kimataifa kwenye pwani la Afrika ya mashariki. Tuna historia jinsi gani miji kama vile Kilwa, Lamu na mingine kadhaa ilianzishwa na wafanyabiashara Waarabu au Wajemi waliooa wenyeji. Idadi ya wahamiaji kutoka Uarabuni haikuwa kubwa sana hivyo lugha ya wenyeji ilitumika kila mahali ila tu maneno mengi yameingia kutoka Kiarabu. Kwa ujumla Kiswahili ina maneno ya asili ya Kiarabu kati ya 30-40%, hali inayolingana na kiasi cha maneno ya asili ya Kilatini au Kifaransa katika lugha ya Kiingereza. Utamaduni mpya ulijitokeza uliokuwa Kiafrika na Kiislamu ukajielewa kuwa sehemu ya dunia ya Uislamu. Hivyo Kiswahili kilizaliwa kuwa lugha ya Kibantu kilichopokea maneno mengi ya asili ya nje.

Lugha imeandikwa kwa herufi za Kiarabu tangu karne ya 13 BK. Kwa bahati mbaya hatuna maandiko ya kale sana kutokana na hali ya hewa kwenye pwani isiyosaidia kutunza karatasi za kurasa zenyewe zinaweza kuoza kutokana na unyevu hewani pamoja na wadudu wengi walioko katika mazingira ya pwani. Lakini maandiko ya kale yanayopatikana kutoka karne ya 17 BK huonyesha ya kwamba tenzi na shairi zinafuata muundo inayotangulia maandiko yenyewe kwa karne kadhaa. Sehemu kubwa ya maandiko ya kale ni tenzi yaani mashairi yenye aya maelfu. Tenzi ndefu kabisa inahusu kifo cha Mtume Muhamad ikiwa na aya 45,000.

Kiswahili kimepokelewa kirahisi na wenyeji kwa sababu wenyeji walikosa lugha ya pamoja kati yao, lugha za Kibantu ziko karibu sana na athira ya Kiarabu ilikuwa kilekile kote pwani. Haya yote yalisaidia kujenga umoja wa Kiswahili katika eneo kubwa la pwani la Afrika ya Mashariki.

Kufika kwa Wareno Afrika ya Mashariki kuanzia mwaka 1500 kulileta athira mpya ikiwa maneno kadhaa ya Kireno yameingia katika Kiswahili kama vile "bendera" na "meza". Kuwepo kwa wafanyabiashara Wahindi katika miji mikubwa ya pwani kuliingiza pia maneno ya asili ya Kihindi katika lugha kama vile "lakhi", "gunia" n.k. Athira ya lugha za Kihindi iliongezeka kiasi baada ya Waingereza kutumia Wahindi wengi kujenga reli ya Uganda.

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From: Mobhare Matinyi <matinyi@hotmail.com>
To: Wanabidii googlegroups <wanabidii@googlegroups.com>
Sent: Friday, October 5, 2012 4:26 AM
Subject: RE: [wanabidii] Watanzania Mabingwa Wa Kiswahili? - Mwanzo

Paul,
 
Nilisahau jambo jingine: Hakuna Mkenya yeyote ambaye anaweza kudai kuwa eti Kiswahili ni lugha yake ya kwanza ama ya pili. Huko mashariki na pwani ya Kenya kuna watu wanaozungumza lahaja za Kiswahili, yaani lugha zinazokaribiana na Kiswahili lakini siyo Kiswahili, jambo ambalo ni kawaida kwa lugha nyingi duniani, mfano lugha za Bara Hindi. Baadhi ya lugha hizo ni lugha chotara za kibantu zilizoshindwa kupanuka na kuishia kuibia kwenye Kiswahili ili kukidhi mahitaji yake ama zimekufa na wenyewe sasa wanachanganya mabaki ya lugha hizo na Kiswahili ambacho kimemeza lugha ndogo ndogo za mashariki na pwani ya eneo hili la Afrika. Naamini na wewe lugha yako inatumbukia humu la sivyo! Basi huna lugha.
 
Rejea orodha niliyowahi kuiweka humu. Niwie radhi kwani mimi huwa sina huruma inapofika suala la kuutetea ukweli, na ndugu zetu ninyi kwa uongo hamjambo - kila kitu cha Tanzania mnakitaka tu! Loh!
 
Matinyi.
 

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Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2012 14:07:44 -0700
From: pauliyai@yahoo.com
Subject: Re: [wanabidii] Watanzania Mabingwa Wa Kiswahili? - Mwanzo
To: wanabidii@googlegroups.com

Ndugu Matinyi,

Nakuonea huruma wewe. Pole sana. Nikweli wewe hufahamikiwi kwani unatapatapa hapa napale. Nilikuuliza unionyeshe nivipi ninakivuruga Kiswahili, umeruka umekwnda Kwa Nyerere, msumbiji sijui nini,.... Nilikwambia kwamba wakenya wameviandika vitabu vingi katika Kiingereza, kuandika vitabu hakuwafanyi Wakenya kuwa mabingwa. Soma hii profile ujionee mwenyewe  http://www.ku.ac.ke/schools/humanities/images/stories/docs/prof_mbaabu.pdf Tena mtafute bewana huyu Meja Mwangi aliyeandika Vitabu kama the Cocroach Dance, Carcase for hounds na vingine vingi. Hapa chini Orodha ya Watanzania walioandika Vitabu mbali mbali. Je idadi yao ni sawa na ya wakenya? Ujibu swali hili wacha kutapatapa na majivuna isiyo msingi. Mimi Kiswahili ni lugha yangu ya Kwanza. Si KAMA UNAVYO FIKIRAI WEWE.

Tanzania

• Agoro Anduru (1948–1992), short story writer.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Mark Behr (1963– ), fiction writer also connected with South Africa.
• Chachage Seithy Chachage ( –2006), sociologist and Swahili novelist.^[146]
• Abdulrazak Gurnah (1948– ), novelist and critic.^{[Gikandi] [Killam & Rowe]}
• Ebrahim N. Hussein (1943– ), playwright, essayist, poet and translator.^{[Gikandi] [Gikandi & Mwangi] [Killam & Rowe]}
• Euphrase Kezilahabi (1944– ), novelist, poet and scholar.
• Jacqueline Kibacha, poet.^[147]
• Aniceti Kitereza (1896–1981), novelist.
• Amandina Lihamba (1944– ), playwright.^[148]
• Ismael R. Mbise, novelist and academic.^[Gikandi]
• Penina Mlama, playwright.^[149]
• Sandra A. Mushi, poet.^[150]
• Elvis Musiba ( –2010), businessman and Swahili novelist.^[151]
• Godfrey Mwakikagile, writer and specialist in African studies.
• Ras Nas, musician and poet.
• Julius Nyerere (1922–1999), politician and writer.^{[Gikandi & Mwangi]}
• Peter Palangyo (1939–1993), novelist.^{[Gikandi] [Gikandi & Mwangi] [Killam & Rowe]}
• Prince Kagwema (1931– ), novelist.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Hammie Rajab, Swahili novelist.^[152]
• Shaaban Robert (1909–1962), Swahili novelist and poet.^[Gikandi]
• Gabriel Ruhumbika (1938– ), novelist and short story writer.^{[Gikandi] [Killam & Rowe]}
• Edwin Semzaba, novelist, playwright, actor and director.
• Robert Bin Shaaban (1902–1962), poet, author and essayist.
• Shafi Adam Shafi, Swahili novelist.^[153]
• Neema Komba, Poet.

Kenya

• kenneth kinyanjui (2012-),novelist,actor.
• Jared Angira (1947-), poet.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Khadambi Asalache (1934– ), poet and author.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Karen Blixen aka Isak Dinesen (1885–1962), novelist.
• Rocha Chimera, Swahili author and critic.
• Corney Gichuki (1968 -), writer of popular children's fiction.
• Elspeth Huxley (1907–1997), journalist and autobiographical writer.
• Philo Ikonya, poet and human rights activist.^[89]
• Francis Imbuga (1947- ), director and playwright.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Samuel Kahiga, short story writer and novelist.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Jomo Kenyatta (1892?–1978), politician and writer.^{[Gikandi & Mwangi]}
• Leonard Kibera (1942–1983). novelist and short story writer.^{[Gikandi & Mwangi] [Killam & Rowe]}
• John Kiriamiti (1950- ), writer of popular fiction.^{[Gikandi & Mwangi]}
• Muthoni Likimani (1926- ).^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Marjorie Oludhe Macgoye (1928– ), novelist, essayist and poet.
• Charles Mangua (c.1940– ), fiction writer.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Ali A. Mazrui (1933– ), academic and political writer.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Mwana Kupona binti Msham (died c.1865), Swahili poet.
• Micere Mugo (1942– ), playwright, academic and poet.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Wahome Mutahi (−2003), satirical journalist.
• Joseph Muthee (1928– ), Kikuyu writer.
• Meja Mwangi (1948– ), novelist.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Rebecca Nandwa, Swahili children's writer.^[90]
• Mona L. Nduilu (1976 -)^[91]
• Stephen N. Ngubiah (1936- ), novelist.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Ngugi wa Mirii (1951– ), playwright.
• Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o (1938– ), English-language and Gikuyu writer.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Rebeka Njau (1932- ), novelist, playwright and poet.^{[Gikandi & Mwangi] [Killam & Rowe]}
• Chacha Nyaigotti-Chacha (1952– ), playwright.
• Atieno Odhiambo (1945–2009), academic.
• Oginga Odinga (1912–1994), writer, philosopher and politician.^{[Gikandi & Mwangi]}
• Margaret Ogola (1958- ).^{[Gikandi & Mwangi]}
• Grace Ogot (1930– ).^{[Gikandi & Mwangi] [Killam & Rowe]}
• Yvonne Adhiambo Owuor (1968- ), winner of the Caine Prize 2003.
• Shailja Patel, poet, playwright and activist.
• Mwangi Ruheni (born 1934), scientist and popular novelist.^{[Gikandi & Mwangi] [Killam & Rowe]}
• M. G. Vassanji (1950– ), novelist and editor.
• Koigi wa Wamwere (1949– ), politician and writer.
• Godwin Wachira (1936- ), novelist.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Charity Waciuma (1936– ), novelist.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Wangui Wa Goro, academic and translator.^[92]
• Binyavanga Wainaina (1971– ), winner of the Caine Prize 2002.
• Gakaara Wanjau (1921–2001), writer and Gikuyu nationalist.
• Kenneth Watene (born 1944), playwright.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Miriam Were (1940– ), public health advocate, academic and novelist.^{[Killam & Rowe]}
• Moraa Gitaa - author, novelist, short story writer, 2010 Penguin Prize for African Writing nominee, 2008 National Book Development Council of Kenya Literary Award winner. {Nsemia Inc. Publishers, Author Me, G21}

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From: Mobhare Matinyi <matinyi@hotmail.com>
To: Wanabidii googlegroups <wanabidii@googlegroups.com>
Sent: Wednesday, October 3, 2012 2:33 AM
Subject: RE: [wanabidii] Watanzania Mabingwa Wa Kiswahili? - Mwanzo

Paul,
Unapoteza muda bure tu. Kwanza hatuna ushahidi wa unayoyasema. Pili, hata kama ushahidi upo, cha ajabu ni nini? Mbona hapa Marekani tuna maprofesa wa Kiingereza ambao ni Watanzania mmojawapo ana blogu yake anaitwa prof. Mbele na hata humu Wanabidii yumo? Hamna cha ajabu kama kuna Wakenya walioandika vitabu vya Kiingereza lakini sivijui zaidi ya vile vya Ngugi wa Thiong'o labda na kingine kimoja kwa vinavyotumika kwenye mitihani. Nitajie vingine.
 
Aidha, si lazima ukubaliane na sababu za huyo aliyesema kwamba Watanzania ni mabingwa lakini ukweli unabakia hivi: Huwezi kuwalinganisha watu wowote hapa duniani na Watanzania kwenye lugha ya Kiswahili. Basi! Hakuna ukweli mwingine! Ili Mkenya azungumze Kiswahili safi ni lazima awe amefundishwa darasani na kukifanya kiwe sehemu ya utaalamu wake maishani, siyo hivi hivi tu, mathalani wewe. Ukimchukua Mkenya yeyote utakumbana na madudu.
 
Halafu, ili kuweka rekodi vizuri - Watanzania hatukitumii Kiswahili kwa sababu labda Kiingereza chetu si kizuri, bali tunakitumia Kiswahili kwa sababu ndiyo lugha yetu. Ukisoma historia utaambiwa kwamba Watanzania walikitumia Kiswahili kama silaha mojawapo ya kupigania uhuru lakini Wakenya hawakuwa wanakijua ingawa huwa wanadanganya kwamba eti na wao walishiriki kwenye kukianzisha - sijui kivipi. (Ule msemo: Kiswahili kilizaliwa Zanzibar, kikakulia Tanzania, kikafia Kenya, kikazikwa Uganda).
 
Aidha, baada ya uhuru sisi tulitangaza Kiswahili kuwa lugha yetu ya kila kitu lakini Kenya ilisubiri hadi mwaka 1974 ndipo Rais Kenyatta alipotoa Amri ya Rais (decree) - tena kwa kumuiga Dikteta Idi Amin aliyefanya hivyo mwaka 1973. Ndiyo kusema kwamba Uganda walikitangaza Kiswahili kuwa lugha ya taifa kabla ya Kenya ingawa ni kweli kwamba ilibidi tangazo hilo lirudiwe tena na akina Museveni kwa kura ya bunge. Hata Kongo Mashariki imeitangulia Kenya kwenye Kiswahili isipokuwa hamu ya kutaka kukipora Kiswahili ndiyo inawalazimisha Wakenya kukivamia kwa shida shida hivyo hivyo.
 
Tunafurahia kusikia watu wengine wakiivamia lugha yetu ya Kiswahili, hasa Wakenya, lakini ukweli unabakia pale pale, kwamba kila lugha ina nyumbani kwake na kwa Kiswahili nyumbani kwake ni TANZANIA. Haiwezekani lugha ikawa na makao kwenye nchi ambako haijulikani na wala haitumiki vema. Kila kiongozi wa Kenya anazungumza Kiswahili mbofu-mbofu na hata bungeni mnashindwa kukitumia, sasa mnang'ang'ania nini? Jifunzeni kwanza. Wakenya wengi wanalijua hili isipokuwa wewe!
 
Kumbuka tena, kuna marais wa nchi mbili duniani waliowahi kuhutubia AU kule Addis Ababa kwa Kiswahili: Rais wa Msumbiji na Rais wa Tanzania. Kwa nini? Kwa sababu rais wa Kenya hawezi.
 
Matinyi.

 

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Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2012 11:27:34 -0700
From: pauliyai@yahoo.com
Subject: Re: [wanabidii] Watanzania Mabingwa Wa Kiswahili? - Mwanzo
To: wanabidii@googlegroups.com

Magiri,

Ulikwenda shule gani wewe? Mbona hunionyeshi nilivyokivuruga Kiswahili? Watanzania kukitumia Kiswahili sana ni kutojiweza katika Kutumia Kiingereza. Nilisoma na wengi mno ambao hata kiswahili kiliwashinda, sarufi yao ilikuwa ya kubabaisah tu. Hamna mabingwa wa Kiswahili. Watanzania wala si miamba na Kiswahili hakimilikiwi na yeyote. Hii ni lugha ya kimataifa na kila taifa la Afrika Mashariki limekichangia Kiswahili.     Kama kuna makosa ya tahajia nilyoyafanya hapa chini ni yale yajulikanayo kwa kiingereza dittographic ambayo hata wewe uliyafanya katika waraka wako soma hapa JE wewe hukuivuruga lugha hapa?

Hata hivyo baadhi ya wakenya wamekuwa wakilamika kuwa vitabu vingi vya Watanazani vimekuwa vikitahiniwa nchini Kenya hususan katika vidato vya tatu na vinne.

Nimekuonyesha sababu kuu zinazotetea msimamo wangu. Kwavile wakenya wengi wameviandika vitabu vingi vya Kiingereza ambavyo vimetahiniwa Tanzania wao ni mabingwa wa Kiingereza? Hata wazungumzaji wa Kisukuma, kimrima au kiarabu hawajiiti mabingwa. Tafadhili pinga kauli zangu zote kwa kudondoa kila moja yazo ukitolea mifano mahususi. Wacha kujitapa ukiwa uchi wewe.

Erevuka Ndugu.

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From: Magiri paul <kiganyi@gmail.com>
To: wanabidii@googlegroups.com
Sent: Wednesday, October 3, 2012 1:02 AM
Subject: Re: [wanabidii] Watanzania Mabingwa Wa Kiswahili? - Mwanzo

Umesomeka mkuu!

Tarehe 2 Oktoba 2012 6:53 alasiri, Mobhare Matinyi <matinyi@hotmail.com> aliandika:

Paul,
 
Usipoteze muda wako bure tu - kwa kigezo chochote kile huwezi kuwalinganisha Watanzania na watu wa taifa ama kundi lolote lile duniani. Soma uliyoandika uone ulivyovuruga Kiswahili humo kwenye ujumbe wako pamoja na ubishi wako au sijui niite kuwaonea gere Watanzania.
 
Watanzania, ama tuwaite mabingwa au jine lolote lile, ndio miamba ya Kiswahili duniani. Kubishia jambo la wazi ni kupoteza muda bure!
 
Asante,
 
Matinyi.
 

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Date: Tue, 2 Oct 2012 09:20:00 -0700
From: pauliyai@yahoo.com
Subject: Re: [wanabidii] Watanzania Mabingwa Wa Kiswahili? - Mwanzo
To: wanabidii@googlegroups.com; uchunguzionline@yahoogroups.com; progressive-kenyans@googlegroups.com; giving-it-straight@googlegroups.com

Kwa wapenzi wote wa Lugha ya Kiswahili,

Ninasikitika sana nisomapo mambo ambayo ndugu zetu Watanzania wanaendelea kuyaandika hapa kuwa wao ni mabingwa wa Kiswahili. Sasa basi ninyi ndo mabingwa basi leni mkanone! Nakumbuka katika idhaa ya taifa ya Sautu ya Kenya kulikuwa na kipindi kimoja cha lugha ya Kiswahili kilichoitwa Mabingwa wa Kiswahili, kipindi hiki kilikuwa kizuri sana katika maendelezo ya Lugha lakini kule kujitapa kwao kulileta hoja mbali mbali. Wale wote waliokuwa wakijadili katika kipindi hiki wakiwemo, Mwalimu Walter Mbotela, Kazungu Katana, Ireri Mbaabu, Abdala Mwasimba, Abdala Baruwa na wengine wengi wakaamua kubadilisha jina la kipindi hicho kwa sababu walikubaliana kuwa hakuna mtu yeyote yule ambaye anaweza kusema kuwa yeye ndiye bingwa wa lugha kwa sababu lugha ni hai na inakua kila kukicha. Watanzania hawawezi kuwa mabingwa wa lugha hii kwani hawaujui msamiati wote wa lugha ya Kiswahili.

Kule Kukitumia Kiswahili katika nyanja mbalimbali hakuwezi kuwafanya Watanzania kuwa mabingwa. Vitabu vinavyotumiwa katika kufundishia Fasihi ya Kiswahili ni vitabu vinavyoteuliwa na jopo maalumu katika Taasisi ya Elimu ya Kenya na vitabu vinatoka kote. Vitabu vilivyotumiwa miaka ya awali kama Mashimo ya Mfalme Suleimani Cha Alan Paton, Mabepari wa Venisi,cha William Shakespear tafsiri ya Marehemu Mwalimu Nyerere, Mkaguzi Mkuu wa Srikali cha Nikolai Gogol, Masaibu ya Ndugu Jero cha Wole Soyinka ni baadhi ya vitabu vilivyotumiwa katika kufundishia fasihi. Vitabu hivi havikuandkwa na Watanzania.

Watanzania hawawezi kuwa mabingwa wa Lugha kwa sababu ya kuwa vitabu vinavyotumia katika Fasihi sasa viliandikwa na wao. Things Fall Apart cha Chinua Achebe, The River Between, cha Ngugi wa Thiongo, The Concubine cha Elechi Amadi ni riwaya za Kiingreza zilizotumiwa kufundishia Fasihi katika Kiingereza katika Nchi nyingi zikiwemo nchi za Afrika Mashariki. Kuandika riwaya au Tamthilia katika Lugha fulani hakuwanyi watu wa Taifa lolote kuwa mabingwa wa Lugha hiyo. Wakenya si Mabingwa wa Kiingereza kwa sababu wameandika Vitabu vingi katika Kiingereza.

Hata hivyo vitabu vingi vinavyotumiwa kufundishia Lugha ya Kiswahili nchini Kenya vimeandikwa na Wakenya wenyewe. Hata baadhi ya vitabu vya fasihi  viliandikwa na wakenya wenyewe vikiwemo, Siku Njema cha Ken Walibora Waliaula, Kaburi bila Msalaba,Mtawa Mweusi, Visiki, Kilio Cha Haki,Kwahivyo Ndugu zetu Watanania acheni kujitapa bure. Leopold Sengor wa Senagal alikifahamu kifaransa barabara lakini hawezi kuitwa Bingwa wa Kifaransa. Natamatisha mchango wangu kwa mada hii nikisema kuwa Kiswahili ni lugha ya wote, yenye chimbuko lake katika Pwani ya Afrika Mashariki na ni lugha inayo zidi kukua. Na ninasema hapa kuwa niliweza Kufundishwa kiswahili na Mwalimu kutoka Tanzania ambaye kwakweli alitupotezea muda wetu bure. Kama hatungepata Mkenya amabaye alituzamisha katika Mashairi ya Vitabu kama Dafina ya Umalenga, Kina Cha Maisha, na vinginevyo, tungeufeli mtihani.

Paulo 

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From: Magiri paul <kiganyi@gmail.com>
To: wanabidii@googlegroups.com
Sent: Tuesday, October 2, 2012 11:31 AM
Subject: [wanabidii] Watanzania Mabingwa Wa Kiswahili? - Mwanzo

Kwa mpenzi yeyote wa Kiswahili ni sharti azingatie stadi nne za lugha hiyo. Yaani kuzungumza, kusoma kuandika na kuelewa lugha ya Kiswahili.

Hata hivyo baadhi ya wakenya wamekuwa wakilamika kuwa vitabu vingi vya Watanazani vimekuwa vikitahiniwa nchini Kenya hususan katika vidato vya tatu na vinne. Ukweli ni kuwa Watanzania wamewabwaga wakenya na ipo mifano ya kutajika kuhusiana na hilo katika vitabu hususan vya fasihi. Swali ni je Wakenya wamepewa fursa ya kuandika au la? Ni nani anastahili kuwaambia waandike vitabu vya Kiswahili, na je wachapishaji vitabu wako radhi kuzichapisha kazi za Wakenya? Kuanzia miaka ya themanini hadi sasa, idadi ya vitabu vya Watanzania vilivyotahiniwa katika kunga za riwaya, tamthilia na ushairi ni kubwa kushinda vya Wakenya.

http://wotepamoja.com/archives/7833#.UGptucPAMEw.gmail --
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Kujiondoa Tuma Email kwenda
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Disclaimer:
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Karibu Jukwaa la www.mwanabidii.com
Pata nafasi mpya za Kazi www.kazibongo.blogspot.com
Blogu ya Habari na Picha www.patahabari.blogspot.com
 
Kujiondoa Tuma Email kwenda
wanabidii+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com Utapata Email ya kudhibitisha ukishatuma
 
Disclaimer:
Everyone posting to this Forum bears the sole responsibility for any legal consequences of his or her postings, and hence statements and facts must be presented responsibly. Your continued membership signifies that you agree to this disclaimer and pledge to abide by our Rules and Guidelines.
 
 

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Karibu Jukwaa la www.mwanabidii.com
Pata nafasi mpya za Kazi www.kazibongo.blogspot.com
Blogu ya Habari na Picha www.patahabari.blogspot.com
 
Kujiondoa Tuma Email kwenda
wanabidii+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com Utapata Email ya kudhibitisha ukishatuma
 
Disclaimer:
Everyone posting to this Forum bears the sole responsibility for any legal consequences of his or her postings, and hence statements and facts must be presented responsibly. Your continued membership signifies that you agree to this disclaimer and pledge to abide by our Rules and Guidelines.
 
 

--
Karibu Jukwaa la www.mwanabidii.com
Pata nafasi mpya za Kazi www.kazibongo.blogspot.com
Blogu ya Habari na Picha www.patahabari.blogspot.com
 
Kujiondoa Tuma Email kwenda
wanabidii+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com Utapata Email ya kudhibitisha ukishatuma
 
Disclaimer:
Everyone posting to this Forum bears the sole responsibility for any legal consequences of his or her postings, and hence statements and facts must be presented responsibly. Your continued membership signifies that you agree to this disclaimer and pledge to abide by our Rules and Guidelines.
 
 

--
Karibu Jukwaa la www.mwanabidii.com
Pata nafasi mpya za Kazi www.kazibongo.blogspot.com
Blogu ya Habari na Picha www.patahabari.blogspot.com
 
Kujiondoa Tuma Email kwenda
wanabidii+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com Utapata Email ya kudhibitisha ukishatuma
 
Disclaimer:
Everyone posting to this Forum bears the sole responsibility for any legal consequences of his or her postings, and hence statements and facts must be presented responsibly. Your continued membership signifies that you agree to this disclaimer and pledge to abide by our Rules and Guidelines.