aada ya tafiti na miradi yote hiyo ungetegemea watanzania kuwa wanatumia technologia hizo ili kustawisha misitu yetu na kulinda mazingira. Ungetegemea kukuta majiko hayo yametengenezwa kwa wingi na hayalipishwi kodi na hata yamewekewa ruzuku (Subsidy) na serikali.
Unaweza kujiuliza kwa nini kompyuta zisamehewe kodi na si majiko yanayotumia nishati nafuu.
Hii inaweza kutusaidia kujua kuwa ni serikali gani tumekuwa nazo (labda tutaendelea kuwa nazo)
Ukifuatilia sana utakuta viongozi wetu waklipotembelea miradi hiyo walitoa'maagizo'. Yaani hawakuondoka na wazo la kutengeneza sera kusaidia ugunduzi ambazo zingesaidia kuimarisha matokeo na kujenga tabia ya watanzania kupunguzq ukataji wa miti.
Viongozi wetu wana tabia ya kutaka kutoa maagizo na hasa yale ya 'kumuweka ndani' kumtimua sheria kuchukua mkondo wake' nakadhalika
Ndiyo maana tunayo sheria ambayo haiwezi kutekelezeka. Sheria ya kuzuia ukataji a uchomaji mkaa. huwezi kuwa na sheria hiyo bila nishati mbadalamkwa wananchi wote halafu ukajidanganya kuwa inatekelezeka. Kujua kama inatekelezeka ni kuwaona watu wanakufa njaa au wanakula bila kupika. karibu 95% ya watanzania wanatumia mkaa hata mijini. Umeme unawasha taa tu.
Tutarajie serikali inayosikia kuweza kurekebisha kasoro hizi. Wataanza kwa kutaka ufafanuzi wa yaliyoandikwa humu
--------------------------------------------
On Sat, 2/20/16, Hildegarda Kiwasila <khildegarda@yahoo.co.uk> wrote:
Subject: [wanabidii] Re: [Wanazuoni] Uchomaji mkaa na uharibifu wa mazingira
To: Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com
Cc: wanabidii@googlegroups.com
Date: Saturday, February 20, 2016, 12:42 PM
Hakuna ambacho hakijajaribiwa tanzania. Mkaa bora umefanyiwa
kazi kuanzia kutumia vigunzi vya mahindi na mataka mengine
ya shamba. Majiko sanifu ya udongo ndani nje bati yanauzwa
masokoni mijini na vijijini na yale ya kuchomea nyama ya
wima miguu minne ambayo hutumika kwenye baadhi ya bar na
nyama choma; majiko sanifu ya udongo majumbani vijijini;
jiko sanifu za Taasisi ambazo TATEDO wamefundisha mafundi
kimkoa, kiwilaya, vijijini ukiwahitaji omba simu zao TATEDO
hapo Bamaga near LHRC wanakupa TOT wa Wilaya akupatie mtu
huko ulipo. Bado matofari-kuchoma tofari za udongo bila
kuharibu mazingira kwa kutumia pumba za mpunga, taka za
nyumbani, vigunzi vya mahindi. Wamefundisha haya kilosa,
kilombero wanakoplima mpunga. Training ya mafundi vijijini
na vijana kufyatua matofari ya soil cement ya interlocking
mtu ujenge bila ya kutumia cement nyingi labda kwenye
foundation tu na yanaingiliana unasakafia uwanja kote
unalaza tofari. Building Research Unit (BRU) ya wizara ya
Ardhi ya Mwanzo baada ya Uhuru wakati wa ujamaa vijijini
ilitakiwa kusaidia ujenzi wa nyumba na vyoo bora. Ipo mwenge
jirani na JWTZ na soko la mwenge (opposite soko) kwenye
round about kwa sasa ni Building and Housing Research
Agency. Hawa .Hawa walipata funding ya SIDA na NORAFD enzi
na 1980s wakafanya research za nyumba na vifaa vya ujenzi.
Wakaboresha nyumba za makabila za mila na desturi zao
kujenga bora za mfano mikoa na wilaya hizo. Mfano Gogo Tembe
na Maasai Manyata za kisasa kwa design za kimila.
Kutengeneza mashine na module za kufyatulia
sisal-cement roofing sheets (mabati ya katani na saruji);
soils cement ya kusakafia. Badala ya kumaliza miti ambayo
huenda pia haipo maeneo mengine lakini kuna limestones au
gypsum unajenga nyumba bora. Nyumba hizo bora Mzee baba wa
Taifa aliomba zijengwe kwa wala matunda-Hadza wasilale
katika vibanda vya nyasi. Zikajengwa wakahamishiwa humo,
bahati mbaya mwanzoni waliezeka kwa bati. Mvua iliponyesha
bati likapiga kelele wala matunda wakakimbia. Nyumba
zikahamia watu wengine walioona wanashida hizo hazikaliwi.
Nchi imekuwa na miradi ya Mitungi-Soil Cement Tanks mikubwa
ya kuhifadhia maji ya mvua ktk taafisi na majumbani. Mitungi
mikubwa inatengenenzwa kupitia udongo saruji na vipo
vijarida vinavyoonyesha kwa picha jinsi ya kutengeneza kwa
kutumia udongo saruji na vifao vyake (Gunia lililoshonwa
kama mtungi) kisha unatengeneza tungi kubwa au midogo
kuwekea maji. UNICEF TZ wana vijitabu na miongozo kama hiyo
wametumia nchini na kuelimisha matumizi ya soil-sand filters
za mitungi kutakasia maji ya kunywa pale ambapo kuni za
kuchemsha maji hakuna.
Tanzania Christian Refugee Services nao walisaidia mengi
Singida pamoja na agroforestry ya kurudisha uoto
ulioondolewa na kuboresha ardhi, wasisaidia mashine za mkono
za kukamulia Alizeti kuboresha kipato.
Hao wachomao mkaa walio wengi ni majangili. Kundi linaanza
kuuchoma kisarawe wanamaliza misitu mpaka kilwa. Hela
wapatazo wengi wao hawatumii kewa maendeleo kwani
wangeanzisha biashana na asingekuwa ana haja ya kukatakata
kila mara eti anaganga njaa. Kama Capital amepata kwa kukata
eneo fulani, kwa nini aendelee kukata maisha yake youte?
Wakamatwe. Serikali ndio inataka ukataji miti uendelee kwani
inatoa leseni kumpa mtu akate miti lakini mtu huyo hana
shamba la miti. Sera ya JK Nyerere ya Panda Mti Kata Mti
imedhadhauliwa. Panda Mti Kibiashara inaendeshwa na Finnida
Njombe. Panda ili upate leseni ukate uuze. Wazazi wengibe
waliopo maeneo ya shule wana ardhi kubwa lakini hawapandi
miti. Isiopokuwa akihitaji miti anakwenda ndani ya eneo ya
shule usiku anakata. Kwane pamoja na kuishi hapo maisha yake
yote nyumba ipo uchi haikuzungugwa na miti, hana miti hata
ya matunda-mwembe, mpoera, mchungwa, mfenesi. Kazi yake
kuomba kwa wenzie au kuiba, kununua. Akipanda nyoka
watakuja, majini yatatumwa, wachawi watatua! Hata kivulri
cha kukaa mwenyewe hakuna bali pia kuingia misitu hifadhi
kukata miti ya matumizi nyumbani na ya kuuza. Anakula
embe-anatupa jalalani. Kula embe-panda kokwa la embe!!
Kuanzia sasa-serikali isitoe vibali vya magogo ya miti,
mkaa, mbao kama mtu hana shamba la miti. Watakao vitu hivyo
waende kununua ktk plantation ilikopandwa kwa makampuni na
watu binafsi-njombe, iringa etc wao wenye miti ndio wapate
vibali waweke soko wawauzie. Waonyeshe risiti na mihuri
walikonunua na vibari cha kusafiririshia kutoka kata hiyo
alikonunua. Mapato ya serikali yataingia tu. Nayo GVT
irejeshe mashamba yake ya mikaratusi, grenvilea, minazi
kwani mbao za minazi ni nzuri hasa. Serikali ijirekebishe
ina makosa mengi. Unawekaje huduma ya maji, umeme ktk eneo
la makazi yasio rasmi kisha usilitambue na uwabomolee?
Unatoaje kibali cha kukata miti ya mbao, kuuza mkaa wakati
huyo mtu hana msitu wa kupanda au wa kimila? Ina
maana-unahalalisha uhariobifu wa mazingira.
Majiko sanifu yalikuja kulinda mazingira pia kuondoa tatizo
la akina mama mfano usukumani Lake zone kutegemea kupikia
kwa kutumia kashata za kinyesi cha ng'ombe. Kisha ule moshi
wenye gas mbaya kuwafanya wawe na macho mekundu na
baadae kuuawa kusingiziwa uchawi. Mchawi ana macho mekundu.
Kuganga njaa ganga kwa kupanda leo miti lakini ununue kwa
wanaouza wnye miti sio ukate pale ambako hujapanda hata.
Ukifika UDSM au Univ of Sokoine misitu minene. Lakini
majirani na Univ of Sokoine na ardhi iliyopo kubwa-hawana
muda kupanda miti na utaona nyumba zao zilivyo hoi na hapo
sokoine kuna miembe ya muda mfupi, mtama, uwele na ulezi,
minazi ya miaka michache, mahindi, soya, choya, mbuzi na
ng'ombe wa kisasa, nguruwe-wananchi wazawa hawana muda!!
Wanaendelea na traditional seeds and practices za kilimo na
ufugaji usio endelevu. Ikaanzishwa "Shamba Darasa" chini ya
sera za kilimo kama ilivyopita ya Training and Visit System
kuboresha kilimo. Ikiisha shamba darasa wakapewa vyeti hao
TOT vijijini, bustani zikalimwa na mashamba ya mfano
kuzalisha yakasifiwa. Wakapata T-shirts na posho wakati wa
vikao-Shamba darasa likiisha muda wake-wanarudi walikotoka
kama kawaida. Hatufiki mbali. Agro-forestry ya HIMA Iringa,
Njombe Makete (Hifadhi Ardhi na Mazingira), Mbeya DANIDA
funded. Hii ilisaidia Village Land Use Planning vijiji vya
Mradi Iringa Njombe na mapping ya Catchment forests wakaweka
beacons na kuna misitu hifadhi vyanzo vya maji ambayo
yanategemewa na Kihansi Dam (Njombe); imefanyika kilimo
endelevu Ruvuma (SNV supported); HESAWA lake zone na
agro-forests, protection of traditional water sources
imeishia wapi? Ikaja creation of River Basins and River
Basin Authorities with Offices and a decentralized system na
mafunzo yametolewa. Bado upo ugomvi wa protection of forests
na Wetland areas na participatory mapping and land use
planning katika vijiji husika imefanyika. Wahamiaji wa
kuvamia misitu, mifugo hama hama, kilimo hamahama au kisicho
endelevu bado ni utata. Mbongo-umfanye nini abadilike wakati
akili yake pamoja na mafunzo na bylaws inabaki kuwa ya
mgando?
Land Use Planning na kutoa hati miliki, Katiba kukataza
kuhamahama bila kibali, sheria kulazimisdha sustainable land
use kwa kilimo na ufugaji kukataza kuwa an mifugo beyond
land's carrying capacity hata kama una ranchi; kulazimisha
na kuhesabu kuwa kila mwanakijiji ana msitu au miti yake
pale kijijini alipo-ya matunda kwa ajili ya asya na ya kuni
ila iwe environmental friendly; bwana kilimo, mifugo, misitu
wanakagua kuona sekta zao mambo yanakwenda sawa kwa kila
kaya ktk kata/vijiji vyao na kuna maji protected ya watu na
mifugo-kwa kuchangia na kulinda vyanzo. Ukikuta mifugo
inazurura hovyo mchana au inasafirishwa usiku-kamata, uza
mpe hela iliyobaki kutoka faini. Amehamia kulima public
land, protected area-kamata, mpeleke gereza la kilimo
akalime, fyeka mazao yake. Kusiwe na huruma-tutabaki daima
tulipo ile mental disability itaendelea kuwepo.Njaa na
mafuriko yakiwakumba-Serikali haijali watu wake. Ila
wanapokata miti na kukausha ardhi-tunaganga njaa serikali
inatukataza-hatuna ajira ajira ni miti hii tumejiajiri. Huku
tuliko maji hakuna mto umekauka. Serikali ituletee
maji! Ukiwahurumia wakae watapanda mazao msimu huu na
ujao inafika miaka 10 watasema-tulikuwepo tangu miaka 10+
iliyopita na hata mbio za mwenge zinatutembelea, shule na
zahanati tumejenga etc. A lot of psychiatric disorders,
backward-improper and primitive mindsets.
Kama Kawa-Enjoy your weekend!!
--------------------------------------------
On Sat, 20/2/16, BeeJay bj1707@gmail.com
[Wanazuoni] <Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com>
wrote:
Subject: Re: [Wanazuoni] Uchomaji mkaa na uharibifu wa
mazingira
To: Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com
Date: Saturday, 20 February, 2016, 11:15
Hello Prof.
There are quite a few people who are making
briquettes from agricultural waste - wanauita "mkaa
bora" na as far as I know, hauna madhara kwa binadamu
coz hauna moshi.
Shida ni kwamba wanaokata miti na kuuza mkaa
wanafanya hivyo for daily subsistence. Utengenezaji wa
hizo
briquettes unahitaji investment kubwa kidogo ambayo sio
wengi watakaoweza kuimudu. Labda wawe organized kisha
wapewe
mikopo. Lakini la msingi zaidi ni mindset. Watu wengi
wamezoea kuhemea. Atoke nyumbani akahangaike na hiki na
kile
arudi nyumbani na chakula pamoja na mahitaji mengine. We
first need to change that mindset of these people and then
carry out rigorous sensitization or better yet, educate
the charcoal producer, the seller and the buyer kuhusu a
safer and more sustainable approach to charcoal
production.
My take!
Ngoja wake wataalamu watujuze.
BJ
On Feb 19, 2016 7:54
PM, "'Mbogoni, Lawrence' mbogonil@wpunj.edu
[Wanazuoni]" <Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com>
wrote:
Wananet/Wanazuoni,
Awali niliona barua pepe
kuhusu mkuu wa mkoa wa Kigoma kutoa amri ya kusitisha
uchomaji wa mkaa kuzui uharibifu wa mazingira. Katika
utafiti wangu nimeona nyaraka za wakati wa ukoloni,
hususan
Trinidad and Tobago, juu ya kukabiliana na
tatizo la uchomaji mkaa.
The reports from Trinidad
suggested the use of briquettes (aina ya mkaa) made from
lignite and asphalt. I would like to ask the engineers and
scientists ukumbini, can Tanzania go this way? That is
depending on whether or not we have lignite
deposits in Tanzania and asphalt is available as a
by-product of the oil refinery at Kigamboni. If we can
locally produce briquettes to replace charcoal that would
surely help to alleviate ukataji wa miji kwa ajili ya
kutengeneza mkaa. Also, would the use
of such briquettes be safe, healthwise?
Just thinking out
loud.
Mbogoni
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