[wanabidii] Re: [Wanazuoni] Uchomaji mkaa na uharibifu wa mazingira

Hakuna ambacho hakijajaribiwa tanzania. Mkaa bora umefanyiwa kazi kuanzia kutumia vigunzi vya mahindi na mataka mengine ya shamba. Majiko sanifu ya udongo ndani nje bati yanauzwa masokoni mijini na vijijini na yale ya kuchomea nyama ya wima miguu minne ambayo hutumika kwenye baadhi ya bar na nyama choma; majiko sanifu ya udongo majumbani vijijini; jiko sanifu za Taasisi ambazo TATEDO wamefundisha mafundi kimkoa, kiwilaya, vijijini ukiwahitaji omba simu zao TATEDO hapo Bamaga near LHRC wanakupa TOT wa Wilaya akupatie mtu huko ulipo. Bado matofari-kuchoma tofari za udongo bila kuharibu mazingira kwa kutumia pumba za mpunga, taka za nyumbani, vigunzi vya mahindi. Wamefundisha haya kilosa, kilombero wanakoplima mpunga. Training ya mafundi vijijini na vijana kufyatua matofari ya soil cement ya interlocking mtu ujenge bila ya kutumia cement nyingi labda kwenye foundation tu na yanaingiliana unasakafia uwanja kote unalaza tofari. Building Research Unit (BRU) ya wizara ya Ardhi ya Mwanzo baada ya Uhuru wakati wa ujamaa vijijini ilitakiwa kusaidia ujenzi wa nyumba na vyoo bora. Ipo mwenge jirani na JWTZ na soko la mwenge (opposite soko) kwenye round about kwa sasa ni Building and Housing Research Agency. Hawa .Hawa walipata funding ya SIDA na NORAFD enzi na 1980s wakafanya research za nyumba na vifaa vya ujenzi. Wakaboresha nyumba za makabila za mila na desturi zao kujenga bora za mfano mikoa na wilaya hizo. Mfano Gogo Tembe na Maasai Manyata za kisasa kwa design za kimila. Kutengeneza mashine na module za kufyatulia sisal-cement roofing sheets (mabati ya katani na saruji); soils cement ya kusakafia. Badala ya kumaliza miti ambayo huenda pia haipo maeneo mengine lakini kuna limestones au gypsum unajenga nyumba bora. Nyumba hizo bora Mzee baba wa Taifa aliomba zijengwe kwa wala matunda-Hadza wasilale katika vibanda vya nyasi. Zikajengwa wakahamishiwa humo, bahati mbaya mwanzoni waliezeka kwa bati. Mvua iliponyesha bati likapiga kelele wala matunda wakakimbia. Nyumba zikahamia watu wengine walioona wanashida hizo hazikaliwi.

Nchi imekuwa na miradi ya Mitungi-Soil Cement Tanks mikubwa ya kuhifadhia maji ya mvua ktk taafisi na majumbani. Mitungi mikubwa inatengenenzwa kupitia udongo saruji na vipo vijarida vinavyoonyesha kwa picha jinsi ya kutengeneza kwa kutumia udongo saruji na vifao vyake (Gunia lililoshonwa kama mtungi) kisha unatengeneza tungi kubwa au midogo kuwekea maji. UNICEF TZ wana vijitabu na miongozo kama hiyo wametumia nchini na kuelimisha matumizi ya soil-sand filters za mitungi kutakasia maji ya kunywa pale ambapo kuni za kuchemsha maji hakuna.

Tanzania Christian Refugee Services nao walisaidia mengi Singida pamoja na agroforestry ya kurudisha uoto ulioondolewa na kuboresha ardhi, wasisaidia mashine za mkono za kukamulia Alizeti kuboresha kipato.

Hao wachomao mkaa walio wengi ni majangili. Kundi linaanza kuuchoma kisarawe wanamaliza misitu mpaka kilwa. Hela wapatazo wengi wao hawatumii kewa maendeleo kwani wangeanzisha biashana na asingekuwa ana haja ya kukatakata kila mara eti anaganga njaa. Kama Capital amepata kwa kukata eneo fulani, kwa nini aendelee kukata maisha yake youte? Wakamatwe. Serikali ndio inataka ukataji miti uendelee kwani inatoa leseni kumpa mtu akate miti lakini mtu huyo hana shamba la miti. Sera ya JK Nyerere ya Panda Mti Kata Mti imedhadhauliwa. Panda Mti Kibiashara inaendeshwa na Finnida Njombe. Panda ili upate leseni ukate uuze. Wazazi wengibe waliopo maeneo ya shule wana ardhi kubwa lakini hawapandi miti. Isiopokuwa akihitaji miti anakwenda ndani ya eneo ya shule usiku anakata. Kwane pamoja na kuishi hapo maisha yake yote nyumba ipo uchi haikuzungugwa na miti, hana miti hata ya matunda-mwembe, mpoera, mchungwa, mfenesi. Kazi yake kuomba kwa wenzie au kuiba, kununua. Akipanda nyoka watakuja, majini yatatumwa, wachawi watatua! Hata kivulri cha kukaa mwenyewe hakuna bali pia kuingia misitu hifadhi kukata miti ya matumizi nyumbani na ya kuuza. Anakula embe-anatupa jalalani. Kula embe-panda kokwa la embe!! Kuanzia sasa-serikali isitoe vibali vya magogo ya miti, mkaa, mbao kama mtu hana shamba la miti. Watakao vitu hivyo waende kununua ktk plantation ilikopandwa kwa makampuni na watu binafsi-njombe, iringa etc wao wenye miti ndio wapate vibali waweke soko wawauzie. Waonyeshe risiti na mihuri walikonunua na vibari cha kusafiririshia kutoka kata hiyo alikonunua. Mapato ya serikali yataingia tu. Nayo GVT irejeshe mashamba yake ya mikaratusi, grenvilea, minazi kwani mbao za minazi ni nzuri hasa. Serikali ijirekebishe ina makosa mengi. Unawekaje huduma ya maji, umeme ktk eneo la makazi yasio rasmi kisha usilitambue na uwabomolee? Unatoaje kibali cha kukata miti ya mbao, kuuza mkaa wakati huyo mtu hana msitu wa kupanda au wa kimila? Ina maana-unahalalisha uhariobifu wa mazingira.

Majiko sanifu yalikuja kulinda mazingira pia kuondoa tatizo la akina mama mfano usukumani Lake zone kutegemea kupikia kwa kutumia kashata za kinyesi cha ng'ombe. Kisha ule moshi wenye gas mbaya kuwafanya wawe na macho mekundu na baadae kuuawa kusingiziwa uchawi. Mchawi ana macho mekundu. Kuganga njaa ganga kwa kupanda leo miti lakini ununue kwa wanaouza wnye miti sio ukate pale ambako hujapanda hata. Ukifika UDSM au Univ of Sokoine misitu minene. Lakini majirani na Univ of Sokoine na ardhi iliyopo kubwa-hawana muda kupanda miti na utaona nyumba zao zilivyo hoi na hapo sokoine kuna miembe ya muda mfupi, mtama, uwele na ulezi, minazi ya miaka michache, mahindi, soya, choya, mbuzi na ng'ombe wa kisasa, nguruwe-wananchi wazawa hawana muda!! Wanaendelea na traditional seeds and practices za kilimo na ufugaji usio endelevu. Ikaanzishwa "Shamba Darasa" chini ya sera za kilimo kama ilivyopita ya Training and Visit System kuboresha kilimo. Ikiisha shamba darasa wakapewa vyeti hao TOT vijijini, bustani zikalimwa na mashamba ya mfano kuzalisha yakasifiwa. Wakapata T-shirts na posho wakati wa vikao-Shamba darasa likiisha muda wake-wanarudi walikotoka kama kawaida. Hatufiki mbali. Agro-forestry ya HIMA Iringa, Njombe Makete (Hifadhi Ardhi na Mazingira), Mbeya DANIDA funded. Hii ilisaidia Village Land Use Planning vijiji vya Mradi Iringa Njombe na mapping ya Catchment forests wakaweka beacons na kuna misitu hifadhi vyanzo vya maji ambayo yanategemewa na Kihansi Dam (Njombe); imefanyika kilimo endelevu Ruvuma (SNV supported); HESAWA lake zone na agro-forests, protection of traditional water sources imeishia wapi? Ikaja creation of River Basins and River Basin Authorities with Offices and a decentralized system na mafunzo yametolewa. Bado upo ugomvi wa protection of forests na Wetland areas na participatory mapping and land use planning katika vijiji husika imefanyika. Wahamiaji wa kuvamia misitu, mifugo hama hama, kilimo hamahama au kisicho endelevu bado ni utata. Mbongo-umfanye nini abadilike wakati akili yake pamoja na mafunzo na bylaws inabaki kuwa ya mgando?

Land Use Planning na kutoa hati miliki, Katiba kukataza kuhamahama bila kibali, sheria kulazimisdha sustainable land use kwa kilimo na ufugaji kukataza kuwa an mifugo beyond land's carrying capacity hata kama una ranchi; kulazimisha na kuhesabu kuwa kila mwanakijiji ana msitu au miti yake pale kijijini alipo-ya matunda kwa ajili ya asya na ya kuni ila iwe environmental friendly; bwana kilimo, mifugo, misitu wanakagua kuona sekta zao mambo yanakwenda sawa kwa kila kaya ktk kata/vijiji vyao na kuna maji protected ya watu na mifugo-kwa kuchangia na kulinda vyanzo. Ukikuta mifugo inazurura hovyo mchana au inasafirishwa usiku-kamata, uza mpe hela iliyobaki kutoka faini. Amehamia kulima public land, protected area-kamata, mpeleke gereza la kilimo akalime, fyeka mazao yake. Kusiwe na huruma-tutabaki daima tulipo ile mental disability itaendelea kuwepo.Njaa na mafuriko yakiwakumba-Serikali haijali watu wake. Ila wanapokata miti na kukausha ardhi-tunaganga njaa serikali inatukataza-hatuna ajira ajira ni miti hii tumejiajiri. Huku tuliko maji hakuna mto umekauka. Serikali ituletee maji! Ukiwahurumia wakae watapanda mazao msimu huu na ujao inafika miaka 10 watasema-tulikuwepo tangu miaka 10+ iliyopita na hata mbio za mwenge zinatutembelea, shule na zahanati tumejenga etc. A lot of psychiatric disorders, backward-improper and primitive mindsets.

Kama Kawa-Enjoy your weekend!!

--------------------------------------------
On Sat, 20/2/16, BeeJay bj1707@gmail.com [Wanazuoni] <Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com> wrote:

Subject: Re: [Wanazuoni] Uchomaji mkaa na uharibifu wa mazingira
To: Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com
Date: Saturday, 20 February, 2016, 11:15


 









Hello Prof.
There are quite a few people who are making
briquettes from agricultural waste - wanauita "mkaa
bora" na as far as I know, hauna madhara kwa binadamu
coz hauna moshi.
Shida ni kwamba wanaokata miti na kuuza mkaa
wanafanya hivyo for daily subsistence. Utengenezaji wa hizo
briquettes unahitaji investment kubwa kidogo ambayo sio
wengi watakaoweza kuimudu. Labda wawe organized kisha wapewe
mikopo. Lakini la msingi zaidi ni mindset. Watu wengi
wamezoea kuhemea. Atoke nyumbani akahangaike na hiki na kile
arudi nyumbani na chakula pamoja na mahitaji mengine. We
first need to change that mindset of these people and then
carry out rigorous  sensitization or better yet, educate
the charcoal producer, the seller and the buyer kuhusu a
safer and more sustainable approach to charcoal production.
My take!
Ngoja wake wataalamu watujuze.
BJ
On Feb 19, 2016 7:54
PM, "'Mbogoni, Lawrence' mbogonil@wpunj.edu
[Wanazuoni]" <Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com>
wrote:















 













Wananet/Wanazuoni,
 
Awali niliona barua pepe
kuhusu mkuu wa mkoa wa Kigoma kutoa amri ya kusitisha
uchomaji wa mkaa kuzui uharibifu wa mazingira. Katika
utafiti wangu nimeona nyaraka za wakati wa ukoloni, hususan
Trinidad and Tobago, juu ya kukabiliana na
tatizo la uchomaji mkaa.
 
The reports from Trinidad
suggested the use of briquettes (aina ya mkaa) made from
lignite and asphalt. I would like to ask the engineers and
scientists ukumbini, can Tanzania go this way? That is
depending on whether or not we have lignite
deposits in Tanzania and asphalt is available as a
by-product of the oil refinery at Kigamboni. If we can
locally produce briquettes to replace charcoal that would
surely help to alleviate ukataji wa miji kwa ajili ya
kutengeneza mkaa. Also, would the use
of such briquettes be safe, healthwise?
 
Just thinking out
loud.
 
Mbogoni
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 






























__._,_.___










Posted by: BeeJay <bj1707@gmail.com>





Reply
via web post
•

Reply to sender
•

Reply to group
•
Start a New
Topic
•
Messages in this
topic
(2)
















Visit Your Group







• Privacy • Unsubscribe • Terms of Use






















.







__,_._,___



#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819 --
#yiv4498647819ygrp-mkp {
border:1px solid #d8d8d8;font-family:Arial;margin:10px
0;padding:0 10px;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-mkp hr {
border:1px solid #d8d8d8;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-mkp #yiv4498647819hd {
color:#628c2a;font-size:85%;font-weight:700;line-height:122%;margin:10px
0;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-mkp #yiv4498647819ads {
margin-bottom:10px;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-mkp .yiv4498647819ad {
padding:0 0;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-mkp .yiv4498647819ad p {
margin:0;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-mkp .yiv4498647819ad a {
color:#0000ff;text-decoration:none;}
#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-sponsor
#yiv4498647819ygrp-lc {
font-family:Arial;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-sponsor
#yiv4498647819ygrp-lc #yiv4498647819hd {
margin:10px
0px;font-weight:700;font-size:78%;line-height:122%;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-sponsor
#yiv4498647819ygrp-lc .yiv4498647819ad {
margin-bottom:10px;padding:0 0;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819actions {
font-family:Verdana;font-size:11px;padding:10px 0;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819activity {
background-color:#e0ecee;float:left;font-family:Verdana;font-size:10px;padding:10px;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819activity span {
font-weight:700;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819activity span:first-child {
text-transform:uppercase;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819activity span a {
color:#5085b6;text-decoration:none;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819activity span span {
color:#ff7900;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819activity span
.yiv4498647819underline {
text-decoration:underline;}

#yiv4498647819 .yiv4498647819attach {
clear:both;display:table;font-family:Arial;font-size:12px;padding:10px
0;width:400px;}

#yiv4498647819 .yiv4498647819attach div a {
text-decoration:none;}

#yiv4498647819 .yiv4498647819attach img {
border:none;padding-right:5px;}

#yiv4498647819 .yiv4498647819attach label {
display:block;margin-bottom:5px;}

#yiv4498647819 .yiv4498647819attach label a {
text-decoration:none;}

#yiv4498647819 blockquote {
margin:0 0 0 4px;}

#yiv4498647819 .yiv4498647819bold {
font-family:Arial;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;}

#yiv4498647819 .yiv4498647819bold a {
text-decoration:none;}

#yiv4498647819 dd.yiv4498647819last p a {
font-family:Verdana;font-weight:700;}

#yiv4498647819 dd.yiv4498647819last p span {
margin-right:10px;font-family:Verdana;font-weight:700;}

#yiv4498647819 dd.yiv4498647819last p
span.yiv4498647819yshortcuts {
margin-right:0;}

#yiv4498647819 div.yiv4498647819attach-table div div a {
text-decoration:none;}

#yiv4498647819 div.yiv4498647819attach-table {
width:400px;}

#yiv4498647819 div.yiv4498647819file-title a, #yiv4498647819
div.yiv4498647819file-title a:active, #yiv4498647819
div.yiv4498647819file-title a:hover, #yiv4498647819
div.yiv4498647819file-title a:visited {
text-decoration:none;}

#yiv4498647819 div.yiv4498647819photo-title a,
#yiv4498647819 div.yiv4498647819photo-title a:active,
#yiv4498647819 div.yiv4498647819photo-title a:hover,
#yiv4498647819 div.yiv4498647819photo-title a:visited {
text-decoration:none;}

#yiv4498647819 div#yiv4498647819ygrp-mlmsg
#yiv4498647819ygrp-msg p a span.yiv4498647819yshortcuts {
font-family:Verdana;font-size:10px;font-weight:normal;}

#yiv4498647819 .yiv4498647819green {
color:#628c2a;}

#yiv4498647819 .yiv4498647819MsoNormal {
margin:0 0 0 0;}

#yiv4498647819 o {
font-size:0;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819photos div {
float:left;width:72px;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819photos div div {
border:1px solid
#666666;height:62px;overflow:hidden;width:62px;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819photos div label {
color:#666666;font-size:10px;overflow:hidden;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;width:64px;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819reco-category {
font-size:77%;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819reco-desc {
font-size:77%;}

#yiv4498647819 .yiv4498647819replbq {
margin:4px;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-actbar div a:first-child {
margin-right:2px;padding-right:5px;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-mlmsg {
font-size:13px;font-family:Arial, helvetica, clean,
sans-serif;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-mlmsg table {
font-size:inherit;font:100%;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-mlmsg select,
#yiv4498647819 input, #yiv4498647819 textarea {
font:99% Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-mlmsg pre, #yiv4498647819
code {
font:115% monospace;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-mlmsg * {
line-height:1.22em;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-mlmsg #yiv4498647819logo {
padding-bottom:10px;}


#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-msg p a {
font-family:Verdana;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-msg
p#yiv4498647819attach-count span {
color:#1E66AE;font-weight:700;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-reco
#yiv4498647819reco-head {
color:#ff7900;font-weight:700;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-reco {
margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-sponsor #yiv4498647819ov
li a {
font-size:130%;text-decoration:none;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-sponsor #yiv4498647819ov
li {
font-size:77%;list-style-type:square;padding:6px 0;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-sponsor #yiv4498647819ov
ul {
margin:0;padding:0 0 0 8px;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-text {
font-family:Georgia;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-text p {
margin:0 0 1em 0;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-text tt {
font-size:120%;}

#yiv4498647819 #yiv4498647819ygrp-vital ul li:last-child {
border-right:none !important;
}
#yiv4498647819

--
Send Emails to wanabidii@googlegroups.com

Kujiondoa Tuma Email kwenda
wanabidii+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com Utapata Email ya kudhibitisha ukishatuma

Disclaimer:
Everyone posting to this Forum bears the sole responsibility for any legal consequences of his or her postings, and hence statements and facts must be presented responsibly. Your continued membership signifies that you agree to this disclaimer and pledge to abide by our Rules and Guidelines.
---
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Wanabidii" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to wanabidii+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout.