[wanabidii] Re: [Wanazuoni] Waste and Wealth-Uchafu na Utajiri

Studies za waste collection and disposal zimefantika sana TZ 1981-mid 1994. Niliweka sikumoja humu picha mpaka zile za kitoroli cha kupakulia kinyesi frogman au chura. Studies zimefanyika under World Bank funds wakati ilipoanzishwa idara ya Maji machafu wizara ya ardhi wakati huo kulianzishwa Centre for Housing Studies Ardhi now UCLAS na Diploma course in Public Health Engineering na Site ans Services Program Wizara ya Ardhi Professor Majani (late Majani) akawa mkurugenzi wa Sites and services na ndio upimaji viwanja low income areas Sinza, Kiwarani, Tegeta Tangi bovu na Tegeta etc.

Kukawa na ushirikiano kiutafiti na London School of hygiene and tropical medicine,Loughborough University of Technology, IRCWD-WHO Switzerland, IRC-the Hague na wadachi (Dutch funds) and SNV akina Teum Basteymeir na wenzake walifanikisha masuala ya course za sanitation hapo Ardhi na demonstration ya aina mbali mbali ya improved latrines. Peter Hawkins wa LSHTM na Sandy Cairncross walifanya studies za mineralization of excreta walitumia Lab ya UDSM-engineering huko kupima kinyesi cha binadamu bongoland kinaganga baada ya muda gani (Solidification of excreta). Vituko cha kupakua vinyesi kutoka vyoo vya kienyeji vilivyojengwa miaka mbali mbali (1954, 1960, 1980s etc) vya urefu mbali mbali kuona mineralization/solidification kwani tulilalamika kuwa magari hayo (Vacuum trucks) zao haziwezi kunyonya vyoo na kukidhi haja ndio maana watu wanamtumia mtu mpakua vyoo (chura). Umwagaji kinyesi afanyao chura mahala palipokuwa hakuna nafasi kama kariakoo ilikuwa tata. Pia gari iliyokuwa ikitumika wakati huo toka uingereza ya aina ya Brievak-ilikuwa powerful sana ikitia presha kukoroga kinyesi inyonye vyoo vilikuwa vizee vikibomoka! Mbongo umpe nini, ikafika mapaka kukataa world Bank design iliyotumika Losotho na Botswana eti akina mama wetu maumbile tofauti na akina mama haja kurusha si lazima aingie chooni kwa haja ndogo. Design ya choo chetu ikabadilishwa ikawa TanVIP au Dar VIPL (Ventilated Improved Pit Latrines). Watu wa Ardhi Institute walifanya studies nyingi za vyoo, takataka na kupata diploma na baadae madigrii na ndio waliosimamia na kutekeleza mradi wa Hananasif-Kinondonu Mkwajuni wakiwa na ILO, COWI Consult funded by UNDP Habitat na GVT. kisha ndio wameuza plots na kuhamia bondeni kinyesini.

TZ tulitengenezewa mpaka magari maalum South Africa na Japan kukidhi haja zetu za kupakua vyoo na Waste Company ya holland ikamtengenezea mpakua choo kigari chake na vivalo vyake. Wanavyo? Wanatumia hadi leo? Kukawa na Karakara ya kununua vyoo kisima au sehemu utakayo na mikopo ya vyoo na capacity building ya mafundi wa kienyeji wa ujenzi ktk kujua jinsi ya kujenga VIPL ili watumiwe kuvijenga wajengapo vyoo kwenye nyumba wajengazo. Mafunzo haya yalitolewa vijijini pia katika miradi ya water supply and sanitation na ya wahudumu wa Afya. UNICEF Tanzania ina documents za rural sanitaion, danida na donors wengine.
Studies za waste collection and disposal zimefantika sana TZ 1981-mid 1994. Niliweka sikumoja humu picha mpaka zile za kitoroli cha kupakulia kinyesi frogman au chura. Studies zimefanyika under World Bank funds wakati ilipoanzishwa idara ya Maji machafu wizara ya ardhi wakati huo kulianzishwa Centre for Housing Studies Ardhi now UCLAS na Diploma course in Public Health Engineering na Site ans Services Program Wizara ya Ardhi Professor Majani (late Majani) akawa mkurugenzi wa Sites and services na ndio upimaji viwanja low income areas Sinza, Kiwarani, Tegeta Tangi bovu na Tegeta etc.

Kukawa na ushirikiano kiutafiti na London School of hygiene and tropical medicine,Loughborough University of Technology, IRCWD-WHO Switzerland, IRC-the Hague na wadachi (Dutch funds) and SNV akina Teum Basteymeir na wenzake walifanikisha masuala ya course za sanitation hapo Ardhi na demonstration ya aina mbali mbali ya improved latrines. Peter Hawkins wa LSHTM na Sandy Cairncross walifanya studies za mineralization of excreta walitumia Lab ya UDSM-engineering huko kupima kinyesi cha binadamu bongoland kinaganga baada ya muda gani (Solidification of excreta). Vituko cha kupakua vinyesi kutoka vyoo vya kienyeji vilivyojengwa miaka mbali mbali (1954, 1960, 1980s etc) vya urefu mbali mbali kuona mineralization/solidification kwani tulilalamika kuwa magari hayo (Vacuum trucks) zao haziwezi kunyonya vyoo na kukidhi haja ndio maana watu wanamtumia mtu mpakua vyoo (chura). Umwagaji kinyesi afanyao chura mahala palipokuwa hakuna nafasi kama kariakoo ilikuwa tata. Pia gari iliyokuwa ikitumika wakati huo toka uingereza ya aina ya Brievak-ilikuwa powerful sana ikitia presha kukoroga kinyesi inyonye vyoo vilikuwa vizee vikibomoka! Mbongo umpe nini, ikafika mapaka kukataa world Bank design iliyotumika Losotho na Botswana eti akina mama wetu maumbile tofauti na akina mama haja kurusha si lazima aingie chooni kwa haja ndogo. Design ya choo chetu ikabadilishwa ikawa TanVIP au Dar VIPL (Ventilated Improved Pit Latrines). Watu wa Ardhi Institute walifanya studies nyingi za vyoo, takataka na kupata diploma na baadae madigrii na ndio waliosimamia na kutekeleza mradi wa Hananasif-Kinondonu Mkwajuni wakiwa na ILO, COWI Consult funded by UNDP Habitat na GVT. kisha ndio wameuza plots na kuhamia bondeni kinyesini.

Utupaji takataka umefanyiwa studies nyingi sana zipo UCLAS. Kutokana na miradi hii wakati wa International Movement ya Health For All by Year 2000 and the Clean Water and Sanitation Decade miradi ya ujenzi wa vyoo bora maeneo ya Low income areas peri-urban and urban areas na rural areas ilifanyika TZ. UNICES, SIDA, DANIDA, FINNIDA, Dutch through SNV etc walitekeleza katika majimbo yao. Serikali -Mtu ni Afya campaigns na ujenzi wa vyoo, mashimo ya taka na kijiti kinaingizwa chooni kama unatumia au la. Design ziliangalia matakwa ya watu na culture. Kitabu cha Sanitation Without Water (Prof Wen Kilama na Uno Winblad) kipo na kulijengwa 54 compost latrine Manzese. Vyoo vya aina vyote kutoka design za India, Vietnam, Philipines (Asian Countries) vilijaribiwa ikashindikana tukabaki na well accepted on-direct and off-set VIPL chenye au bila bafu single or multiple units. Kulijengwa vyoo vya mfano DSM wakati wa mradi wa on-site sanitation world Bank funded vilikuwa 100 kila kona ya mji na kuelimisha jamii kaya hadi kaya na Health Ed Unit ya Wizara ya Afya ikiwa na ofisi Muhimbili ilihusika kutengeneza IEC materials wakishirikiana pia naInstitute of Adult Education-Full Multi-sectoral approach and integration of health issues. Bado tafiti za mainzi na mtu kama vyoo bila au vina vent-pipe vina mfuniko wa choo na havina mainzi yatatoka huko kuja nje na kunaswa juu ya wavu juu ya bomba kiasi gani. Watu walichezea kinyesi ile mbaya na hizo report zitapatikana tu kama hazipo TZ London School of hygiene and tropical medicine, USAID, World Bank, IRCWD-WHO kwa Roland Schentenleib (amestaafu ataelekeza) na IRC, Loughbourough University Leics UK-WEDC Section. Mafaili yetu si uhifadhi utata. Achard Mutalewa mwa DASAWA alikuwa chini ya Mr Sikri toka India Wizara ya Ardhi DSD ndio kinara wa yote haya nisemayo ana manakala na iliyokuwa HEMP-Muhimbili . Reinventing the wheel kwa kurudia rudia studies as if hazijafanyika kabisa na kuwa hatujui issues ni tatizo pia TZ kutokana na kuwa ukisema studies zipo utakosa donor money au faunding. Ni kurudia, na kurudia hakuja jipya. sasa tufanye updating ya hali halisi lakini vyuo vya afya na UCLAS watakuwa na studies nyingi za waste collectiuon, recyling, sanitation beahaviour etc, pia miradi ya Swiss support Dodoma. Pamoja na studies zote hizi na watu kupata madigrii mabadiliko ni madogo ucahfu umekithiri. Sera ya PPP na privatization ya waste collection wakandarasi na viongozi wa mitaa wana yao. ILO ina studies zake na kuna utata mkubwa sana ktk ajira, mikataba ya uzoaji taka, kufagia kupitia NGO na wakandarasi. Anakagulia kama ana uwezo wa kuzoa taka, anakodisha magari, anavalisha nguoa wavulana wa mtaani na wadada eti wafagizi wake anaonyesha capacity kumbe hana kitu taka kuzoa zinamshinda. Pay ya wafagizi ni 30-50,000/= kwa mwezi-Kujionea, Wizi mtupu ufisadi kuanzia grassroots level kwa wanaopewa nafasi za kazi na za kuajiri wengine mkono uende tumboni. Tunaoneana. Majipu kila kona kuanzia household level-kazi hasa mabadiliko nchi hii!!

Takataka recycling imejaribiwa imeshindikana. Biogas imejaribiwa lakini zaidi nyumba za wasomi na Kagera ilifanikiwa vijijini. Labda vyoo vya biogas wasomi na taasisi (mashule) wavijenge na kutumia. Ile ya double vault compost latrine eti mtu atumie kinyesi kikioza katk bustani kama wafanyavyo China, Vietnam hapa bongoland iligonga mwamba. Kwanza waislamu kutawadha na kuoga maji mengi na wananchi wengine kuoga kutwa angalau mara 2 compost latrine hazikufaa na pa bustani utata, nyumba vyumba 6 watu kibao maugali walayo kinyesi kulainika haraka utata! na Shimo ni 1 square metre. Vyetu hapa ni futi 12 hadi 15 na double vault na bafu wapangaji wengi.

Fredrick Njau ndio Publick Health Engineer wakwanza TZ aliywekuwa Mkurugenzi wa Sewerage and Drainage Depatment (DSD) iliyokuwa na Low-Cost Sanitation unit Wizara ya Ardhi. Hii Idara ndio iliyounda DSSD na Sada kuna DAWASCO. Imefanyakazi na Wizara na Afya katika miradi ya rehabilitation of the Dar Sewerage System-mabomba ya kupitisha kinyesi na maji machafu ardhini na storm water drainage system ikishirikiana na halmashauri iliyoundiwa DSSD. Wanafunzi waliosomesha Ardhi ndio walioweka Idara sa Usafi wa Mazingira na DSSD City Council, Municipalities. Sasa wapo na wale wa UDSM-IRA, UCLAS etc wa degree mazingira. Wizara ya Ardhi ikaunda NEMC kusimamia Mazingira in totality kuona kwamba Industrial Laws, Mining etc na NEMA inazingatiwa pia environmenta policy. Mr kamkala na Mzungu Han Lann ndio waliofanyakazi za tafiti na kuaunda NEMC. Wanafunzi wa mwanzo wa Ardhi-Publing Health Engineering -Mr Baya ndio Mkurugenzi wa NEMC. Wizara ya Ardhi imefanyakazi kubwa ktk mazingira ila akili zetu sisi na tabia zetu utazisoma ktk aina ya mazingira tunayoishi. Wizara ya Afya nayo imehusika sana mpaka Prof Kilama kusaidia kuundwa kwa NIMR chanzo ni kazi za Wizara hizi mbili wakiangalia mazingira na afya ay binadamu.

Wazungu wao na Wizara ya Afya walianzisha Health Monitoring Project (HEMP) iliyoleta wataalamu toka UK na Holland ambao walifanya studies za Mabusha wakishirikiana na NIMR prof Kilama-Hydrocele au Busha na Matende (Elephantiasis of the leg). Ilifanywa Muhimbili wakiwachukua wenye mabusha, kufungulia mbu culex usiku awaume na kuona virulence (wingi wa pathogen) na mazingira mtu ataokayo na mazuala mengine na kuwatibu ili kuona matibabu yake na nature ya tatizo. Dampo za taka zilizoanzishwa na liquid waste stabilization ponds zikisimamiwa na city council iliyokuwa imevunjwa wakati wa ujamaa vijijini wakati huo in 1980s ilirudishwa. Hata hivyo, ukienda huko dampo za solid waste wapo watu wanakaa hapo kutwa kuchakura na kuuza recyclables. Pia wamevamia na kujenga katika waste stabilization ponds kama kawa. Diwani yupo, mbunge yupo, NGO za mazingira zipo ila-maandamano ya CCM vs Ukawa ndio utawaona! Hapo watu wanakunywa, kula na kukesha pombeni kinyesini wenye magari wamepaki hapo kando!! mabwawa ya kinyesi yana beacons, fence wamebomoa wamejenga wakienda kubomolewa-Serikali ya Mangufuli inaonea!! Mifuko inaokotwa huko inatumika kufungia chapati na maandazi tunayonunua. Hata hivyo huko kwenye dampo za solid waste kuna watu wanatajirika kwa kuuza mabati, chuma chakavu, viroba, nyanya na nyama, matikiti yanayookotwa. Tajiri zaidi ni tule wa chuma chakavu bati bati laki 5 plus kwa mwezi. Nyanya na matikiti, vitunguu wanamuuzia mama ntilie anakutengenezea msosi, vikapu wanasuka kutokana na plastiki tunatunua. ugali unasongwa na wavuta bangi nyama wanaokota zinazotupwa wanapika na nyingine wanauzia watu wa mapishi na majumbani.

Utamjua mbongo kwa tabia yake ya uchafu ambao utauona nje ya nyumba na kiangazi amekaa tu hasafishi mitaro, ukimjengea mtaro wa wazi wa maji ya mvua anautoboa na kuunganisha vyoo, septic tank. Kama ni institution, utakuta mzigo wa kinyesi ameuweka ameuacha hajali kuumwagia maji au auponge amwagie maji uende. Anaondoka anauacha hapo. akinawa atanawa sakafuni eti choo cha kukaa kichafu akipojisaidia akipanda juu na viatu. Umbea ukikushika ukimsikilizia utakikia kaanguka sakafuni anatoka amelowa. Waste disposal hata vyuo vya wasomi na kuna mapipa ya uchafu unakuta chupa za plastiki zimezagaa, mifuko waliyobebea chips na maboksi wametupa hovyo. Mabweni yanavuja maji ya bafu na choo kutoka maghorofani, manholes nazo zimeziba wakifungua unatoa chupa za plastiki, nguo za akina mama na mataka magumu mengine ambayo hayastahili kuingizwa choo cha kuvuta bali katika dustbin la chooni.
Mitaani ili asilipie 500/= kwa wiki za ukusanyaji taka-anatupa nje jengo la wenzake au mtaroni au anaingiza ndani ya manhole. Huko zinaziba na mvua ikija maji yanafurika mpaka ndani ya nyumba na hafanyi biashara mtaani. Wakiiba manhole cover hapo kapata shimo la kutupa taka ngumu mfuniko haupo-haendi mbali anajaza taka, sewage haiendi, mafuriko ya kichesi mtaa mzima. Mvua ikinyesha-anafungulia kizibo cha choo alichoweka kutapishia wakati wa mvua. Mtaa wote pa kupita salama hamna mnaingia maji ya kinyesi. Kisha-Serikali ije izibue, uchafu umeziba, tunaishi kwa tabu mifereji imejaa takataka-akili za zombie!

Hakuna ambacho hakijajaribiwa TZ katika masuala ya usafi. Aina nyingi za vyoo vimejaribiwa lakini Vyoo vya shimo nsio vinakubalika katika jamii kutokana na kuchangia. Hata vyoo vya walemavu desgns zipo lakini hatujengi. Wizara na taasisi za elimu nazo husahau sio vyoo vyao tu hata ngazi au maeneo yao ya kupita.

Ngoja niwache kuwachosha kusoma.
Ninaambatisha tena mapicha ambayo huko nyuma niliambatisha uone jinsi tulivyo na culture ya uchafu. Bila ya shaka baadhi yenu mtaikumbuka hii
Kama Kawa




--------------------------------------------
On Wed, 17/2/16, Mathew Bukhi bukhimathew@gmail.com [Wanazuoni] <Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com> wrote:

Subject: [Wanazuoni] Waste and Wealth-Uchafu na Utajiri
To: "Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com" <Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com>
Date: Wednesday, 17 February, 2016, 17:04


 









Asante Chambi kwa hii taarifa.
Simfahamu huyo jamaa. Jamaa anafanya
tafiti zinazovutia. Ninapenda sana kujifunza kwa watu
wanaofanya tafiti ambazo watu wengi hawazifikirii ama ambazo
hazipo sana kwenye mainstream science. 
Nitamsoma jamaa kwa ajili tu ya
kujifunza.

On Wednesday, 17
February 2016, Chambi Chachage chambi78@yahoo.com [Wanazuoni] <Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com> wrote:















 









Bukhi,
sijui kama unafahamiana na huyu Mwanajiografia mwenzako wa
TZ anayetafiti 'waste &
wealth':
Seth
Schindler - Seth Schindler - Staff - Geography - The
University of Sheffield
      Seth
Schindler - Seth Schindler - Staff - Geography - The
University of SheffieldJournal Articles Demaria, F. and
Schindler, S. (2015) Contesting urban metabolism: Struggles
over waste-to-energy in Delhi, India. Antipode DOI:
10.1111/anti.12191 View
on www.sheffield.ac.ukPreview
by Yahoo 



From:
"Mathew Bukhi bukhimathew@gmail.com [Wanazuoni]"
<Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com>
To: "Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com" <Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com>
Sent: Saturday,
February 13, 2016 2:48 PM
Subject: Re:
[Wanazuoni] Naibu Waziri wa Afya Kanena



 









Charles,

Hilo la uchafu
limenikumbusha jambo moja. Kuna jamaa mmoja mtaalamu wa
uchumi aliwahi kuniambia ati kwamba unaweza kufahamu
'affluence' ya watu kwenye eneo fulani kwa kuangalia
uchafu kwenye majalala. Yaani unaangalia 'packages'
ya bidhaa zilizotumika na kutupwa kwenye majalala. Ukiona
jalala limejaa vifuko vya plastic vile vinauziwa maji ama
barafu, basi hiyo ni ishara ya uchoka mbaya; kinyume na
jalala lililojaa chupa za Uhai, Kilimanjaro n.k.

Sijui kama hiyo
'theory' ya jamaa ipo kweli kwenye uchumi. Lakini
kwa kuendana na mfano wako, na kwa fikra za huyo naibu
waziri, hakika anaweza kujivunia pale akikuta jalala limejaa
chupa za Kilimanjaro, Heineken n.k. na kusema uchafu huo
kwenye majalala unaakisi maendeleo ya wananchi :-)


On 13 February 2016 at 13:18, Charles
Makakala Jr makakalajr@yahoo.com [Wanazuoni] <Wanazuoni@yahoogroups.com>
wr
...

1000. Uchafu kwenye masoko yetu
unaakisi mafanikio ya uongozi wetu. Kama kusingekuwa na
bidhaa uchafu kwenye masoko ungezalishwaje?



























































--

Mathew Bukhi Mabele





































--
Mathew
B. Mabele







__._,_.___










Posted by: Mathew Bukhi
<bukhimathew@gmail.com>




Reply
via web post
•

Reply to sender
•

Reply to group
•
Start a New
Topic
•
Messages in this
topic
(13)
















Visit Your Group







• Privacy • Unsubscribe • Terms of Use






















.







__,_._,___



#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421 --
#yiv7880232421ygrp-mkp {
border:1px solid #d8d8d8;font-family:Arial;margin:10px
0;padding:0 10px;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-mkp hr {
border:1px solid #d8d8d8;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-mkp #yiv7880232421hd {
color:#628c2a;font-size:85%;font-weight:700;line-height:122%;margin:10px
0;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-mkp #yiv7880232421ads {
margin-bottom:10px;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-mkp .yiv7880232421ad {
padding:0 0;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-mkp .yiv7880232421ad p {
margin:0;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-mkp .yiv7880232421ad a {
color:#0000ff;text-decoration:none;}
#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-sponsor
#yiv7880232421ygrp-lc {
font-family:Arial;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-sponsor
#yiv7880232421ygrp-lc #yiv7880232421hd {
margin:10px
0px;font-weight:700;font-size:78%;line-height:122%;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-sponsor
#yiv7880232421ygrp-lc .yiv7880232421ad {
margin-bottom:10px;padding:0 0;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421actions {
font-family:Verdana;font-size:11px;padding:10px 0;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421activity {
background-color:#e0ecee;float:left;font-family:Verdana;font-size:10px;padding:10px;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421activity span {
font-weight:700;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421activity span:first-child {
text-transform:uppercase;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421activity span a {
color:#5085b6;text-decoration:none;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421activity span span {
color:#ff7900;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421activity span
.yiv7880232421underline {
text-decoration:underline;}

#yiv7880232421 .yiv7880232421attach {
clear:both;display:table;font-family:Arial;font-size:12px;padding:10px
0;width:400px;}

#yiv7880232421 .yiv7880232421attach div a {
text-decoration:none;}

#yiv7880232421 .yiv7880232421attach img {
border:none;padding-right:5px;}

#yiv7880232421 .yiv7880232421attach label {
display:block;margin-bottom:5px;}

#yiv7880232421 .yiv7880232421attach label a {
text-decoration:none;}

#yiv7880232421 blockquote {
margin:0 0 0 4px;}

#yiv7880232421 .yiv7880232421bold {
font-family:Arial;font-size:13px;font-weight:700;}

#yiv7880232421 .yiv7880232421bold a {
text-decoration:none;}

#yiv7880232421 dd.yiv7880232421last p a {
font-family:Verdana;font-weight:700;}

#yiv7880232421 dd.yiv7880232421last p span {
margin-right:10px;font-family:Verdana;font-weight:700;}

#yiv7880232421 dd.yiv7880232421last p
span.yiv7880232421yshortcuts {
margin-right:0;}

#yiv7880232421 div.yiv7880232421attach-table div div a {
text-decoration:none;}

#yiv7880232421 div.yiv7880232421attach-table {
width:400px;}

#yiv7880232421 div.yiv7880232421file-title a, #yiv7880232421
div.yiv7880232421file-title a:active, #yiv7880232421
div.yiv7880232421file-title a:hover, #yiv7880232421
div.yiv7880232421file-title a:visited {
text-decoration:none;}

#yiv7880232421 div.yiv7880232421photo-title a,
#yiv7880232421 div.yiv7880232421photo-title a:active,
#yiv7880232421 div.yiv7880232421photo-title a:hover,
#yiv7880232421 div.yiv7880232421photo-title a:visited {
text-decoration:none;}

#yiv7880232421 div#yiv7880232421ygrp-mlmsg
#yiv7880232421ygrp-msg p a span.yiv7880232421yshortcuts {
font-family:Verdana;font-size:10px;font-weight:normal;}

#yiv7880232421 .yiv7880232421green {
color:#628c2a;}

#yiv7880232421 .yiv7880232421MsoNormal {
margin:0 0 0 0;}

#yiv7880232421 o {
font-size:0;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421photos div {
float:left;width:72px;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421photos div div {
border:1px solid
#666666;height:62px;overflow:hidden;width:62px;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421photos div label {
color:#666666;font-size:10px;overflow:hidden;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;width:64px;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421reco-category {
font-size:77%;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421reco-desc {
font-size:77%;}

#yiv7880232421 .yiv7880232421replbq {
margin:4px;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-actbar div a:first-child {
margin-right:2px;padding-right:5px;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-mlmsg {
font-size:13px;font-family:Arial, helvetica, clean,
sans-serif;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-mlmsg table {
font-size:inherit;font:100%;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-mlmsg select,
#yiv7880232421 input, #yiv7880232421 textarea {
font:99% Arial, Helvetica, clean, sans-serif;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-mlmsg pre, #yiv7880232421
code {
font:115% monospace;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-mlmsg * {
line-height:1.22em;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-mlmsg #yiv7880232421logo {
padding-bottom:10px;}


#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-msg p a {
font-family:Verdana;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-msg
p#yiv7880232421attach-count span {
color:#1E66AE;font-weight:700;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-reco
#yiv7880232421reco-head {
color:#ff7900;font-weight:700;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-reco {
margin-bottom:20px;padding:0px;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-sponsor #yiv7880232421ov
li a {
font-size:130%;text-decoration:none;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-sponsor #yiv7880232421ov
li {
font-size:77%;list-style-type:square;padding:6px 0;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-sponsor #yiv7880232421ov
ul {
margin:0;padding:0 0 0 8px;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-text {
font-family:Georgia;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-text p {
margin:0 0 1em 0;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-text tt {
font-size:120%;}

#yiv7880232421 #yiv7880232421ygrp-vital ul li:last-child {
border-right:none !important;
}
#yiv7880232421

--
Send Emails to wanabidii@googlegroups.com

Kujiondoa Tuma Email kwenda
wanabidii+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com Utapata Email ya kudhibitisha ukishatuma

Disclaimer:
Everyone posting to this Forum bears the sole responsibility for any legal consequences of his or her postings, and hence statements and facts must be presented responsibly. Your continued membership signifies that you agree to this disclaimer and pledge to abide by our Rules and Guidelines.
---
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "Wanabidii" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to wanabidii+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
For more options, visit https://groups.google.com/d/optout.